This is a brief video on normal labor, or ordinary childbirth occurring in four stages at 37-42 weeks of gestation.
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ADDITIONAL TAGS:
Stages of normal labor:
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
“Stage 4” Postnatal
By OpenStax College - Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013., CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...
Monitor fetal heart rate, contractions, and cervical changes
Ensure contractions 200 Montevideo units
Latent phase (aka quiescent phase, prodromal labor, pre-labor)
Begins when woman feels regular contractions
Cervix dilates 0 to 4-6 cm in up to 20 hrs (nulliparous) or 14 hrs (multi)
Cervical effacement (thinning and stretching from disulfide bonds breaking) near complete
Active phase
Cervix dilates 6 to 10 cm at 1.2 cm/hr (nulli) or 1.5 cm/hr (multi)
Length of active phase determined by frequency/amplitude of contractions, size/position of baby, woman’s pelvis, and nulli/multi
Dilation ends when (6 cm dilation) + (ROM) + (no cervical changes after 4 hrs of contractions OR 6 hrs on oxy)
Stage 1
Stages of normal labor:
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
“Stage 4” Postnatal
Stages of normal labor:
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
“Stage 4” Postnatal
Latent: 0 to 4-6 cm in up to 20 hrs (nulliparous) or 14 hrs (multi)
Active (faster): 6 to 10 cm at 1.2 cm/hr (nulli) or 1.5 cm/hr (multi)
Complete dilation → delivery
Up to 3 hours in nulliparous, 2 hours in multi
Monitor fetal heart rate and position through birth canal
Position when cephalic: Fetal station: top of fetus’ head from horizontal line between ischial spines (in centimeters)
Stage 2
Stages of normal labor:
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
“Stage 4” Postnatal
By Henry Vandyke Carter - Henry Gray (1918) Anatomy of the Human Body (See "Book" section below)Bartleby.com: Gray's Anatomy, Plate 242, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...
Stages of normal labor:
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
“Stage 4” Postnatal
Infant delivery → placenta delivery
Up to 30 minutes
Manage expectantly or actively
Active: uterotonic drug (oxytocin), control traction of umbilical cord, fundal massage
How do we know placenta separated from uterus wall?
Fundal height increases, cord lengthens, lots of blood
Postnatal or postpartum time period
Monitor mother for signs of bleeding -- hemodynamic stabilization
Repair episiotomy or perineal tears with stitches
Skin-to-skin contact after baby assessment
Afterpains (cramps) for days and vaginal discharge for weeks
Postpartum blues and depression
Normal labor (ordinary delivery) camera iphone 8 plus apk | |
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